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The largest city
in Bavaria, is Munich. Shot In Dark
English More
About
Munich,
Germany
Chronicle History Of München, Germany Munich in the Middle
Ages The urban history in the Middle Ages 1158 - Munich steps as "Munichen" for the first time into the light of history. The place is the subject of a controversy between bishop Otto von Freising and the duke of Saxonia and Bavaria, Heinrich the lion, emperors and realm day ago in Augsburg. The place name was led back an upright standing monk with benediction hand and gebetbuch already in the Middle Ages to "munich/muenich", thus "monk", why the first delivered city seal (1239) already shows a monk head with zipfelmuetze, starting from 1304. Like that it is today common as stadtwappen and city seals still in representative form. The monk was interpreted by misleading representations later than child and so to the "resident of Munich Kindl". more to the resident of Munich stadtwappen... 1180 - Pfalzgraf petrol from the house Wittelsbach becomes duke of Bavaria. It begins the government of this sex persisting to 1918 as dukes, cure prince and kings of Bavaria. 1255 - Two herzogliche brothers - Heinrich and Ludwig - divide the duchy Bavaria under itself. A partial duchy Lower Bavaria with principal place land hat and under duke Ludwig II. a partial duchy Upper Bavaria with principal place Munich develop. Munich is not removed from now on to the seat of a national gentleman and is any more as before only citizen city and commercial centre. 1280 - With excesses against the residents of Munich there are Jews numerous dead ones. Later writers indicate far numbers from each other deviating. 1314 - The duke of Bavaria Munich - again a Ludwig and Sohn specified of the already - becomes the king and 1328 - to the Roman-German emperor selected. Munich becomes temporary thereby - up to its death 1347 - the imperial residenzstadt. On this time the use of the colors might decrease/go back black and yellow (gold) as city colors, which were also the colors of the realm. 1442 - approximately at this time - as in another place in this century also - by the national gentleman (duke) also from Munich the Jews are driven out. 1468 - Commencement of construction for the woman church, which receives only 1525 their characteristic round domes. 1470 - Commencement of construction for the dance house, which today's "old persons city hall", which blocked the way of the market place (today "Marienplatz") down in the valley. In the upper floor is the festival room, which was repaired after the destruction of the Second World War. In the basement there was bread stands and the city prison. The two broad passages were created only 1877 and 1934, in order to give traffic area. 1481- so far also still with several buildings, among other things a chapel, market place cultivated from this is released and becomes only now the rectangular free space as which it today presents itself. It received its final size only after the Second World War by setting back of the building line on the south side. It received only 1854 to its name "Marienplatz", which is derived on the place from the Mariensaeule in the middle. It was called before only "place" or "market" and - after the grain market taking place there or the Getreideschranne - last also "Schrannenplatz". 1487 - Duke Albrecht IV. issues a new brewing order for Munich, which for the first time contains the so-called purity requirement for beer, according to which beer from nothing different one than from may be simmered hop, barley - the malz won from it is meant - and water. The requirement was transferred 1516 to the "book the common land requirement, national order, statute and Gebraeuch" and made obligatory on the whole duchy Bavaria. Still today the residents of Munich bierbrauer renew the "Preu oath" every year on the Brauertag with the purity requirement as self obligation, since it possesses no more validity after a decision of the European Court of Justice of 1986. The urban history in
the early modern times 1522 - Duke William IV. issues the first Bavarian religion mandate. It is a censorship regulation, which places the spreading and a reading from lutherischem bibliography under punishment. With it officially the Gegenreformation begins against the teachings Martin Luther and other Reformer of the old faith in Bavaria. 1558 - Establishment of the yard library (today Bavarian state library in the Ludwig route). Over this time begins the creation of a set of central authorities (clergyman advice 1556/1570, yard chamber 1572) in Munich, which take a broad area in the townscape, e.g. in the Ludwig route and at the yard garden, today still as Departments of State, government and administration buildings of national authorities or courts. Munich is today not only seat of the Bavarian state government, but also the government of the governmental district Upper Bavaria. 1559 - For the first time since that 13. Century is called with the Jesuiten by duke Albrecht V. again a new medal to Munich. They have among other things the task by the instruction of pupils and by public propaganda meetings like monstroese theatre performances with Biblical topics in the free one clearing up for the old, the catholic faith to work. Later they already open one year first residents of Munich the High School (Jesuiten or late William High Schools). 1560/70 - Beginning of large new buildings for the "new celebrations" at the today's residence route, from which in the following centuries the extensive plant of the residence (with yard garden of 1613) develops as dwelling and government center of the dukes, cure princes and kings. 1583/90 - Building of Jesuitenkirche pc. Michael and Jesuitenkolleg at the Neuhauser road. This largest church in the style of the Renaissance north the alps with tonnengewoelbe of the world largest after pc. Peter in Rome introduced also the new style of the baroque in South Germany and became exemplary for over 100 follow-up's buildings. 1589 - Duke William V. creates the Hofbraeuhaus for brewing brown beer (brown Hofbraeuhaus) at the today's savings bank road, following which sucked. Zerwirkgewoelbe. Up to then the duke yard referred the beer of civil bierbrauern in the city or left it from outward, among other things from the famous beer city installation-hits a corner to Lower Saxony, to introduce. At the Platzl, where the world-famous house today still stands was combined, 1602 the white Hofbraeuhaus - thus for brewing white beer - were furnished and both brewing houses only here 1808. The brewery enterprise was out-shifted 1890 from the city center. The Hofbraeuhaus at the Platzl, which since that time only restaurant is, received its current shape 1896. 1601 - With the appointment of the Kapuziner to Munich an unparalleled wave is introduced by new establishments of monastery by the duke and cure prince house, who persist until 1754. Alone 15 new monasteries, in addition churches, chapels and monastery buildings spread in the city. Many of them were destroyed during the monastery abolition (secularization) after 1803. Nevertheless the still received buildings obtain the impression of a catholic-religious city from this time still. 1618-1648 - Dreissigjaehriger war in completely Germany, a religionskrieg of the catholic (emperor house having castle and Bavarian duke Maximilian) and the Protestant party (Boehmen and its king Friedrich V., the Danes and Sweden). The argument brought in for the Bavarian duke 1623 and thus the right to be allowed to select together with six (sieve later) further princes, the emperor. The war led to the development of the fortress works (wall and ditch) around the city, from which today only meager remainders are present, and to the occupation of the city 1632 by (Protestant) Sweden under its king Gustav Adolf, whose "working" admits also in other German cities painfully became. 1638 - In the process of the war cure prince Maximilian lets establish in the middle on the market place the Mariensaeule and redeems thereby on the one hand a geluebde of 1632 for the preservation of its two capitals land hat and Munich forwards the enemy to finite ruin and destruction, arranged thereby in addition, a symbol of the faith wiedererstarkten by the war and illustrated by the 1641 to feet of the statue attached bronze Heldenputti four troubles of the time: Hunger (Drache), war (lion), plague (basilisk) and heresy (queue). 1663 - Grundsteinlegung to the church pc. Kajetan of the medal of the Theatiner and the following monastery complex at the end of the today's Theatinerstrasse. It owes its developing to a vow of the cure princess Henriette Adelaide (Adelheid) for the birth long expected hereditary princes Max of the Emanuel. 1664 - Commencement of construction for the lock Nymphenburg, which is developed in the following about 100 years to a imposanten plant with extensive park. The urban history of
the 1700s 1702 - For the first time it is reported that the Schaeffler (Fassmacher, boettcher) a dance to specify, which sucked. Schaefflertanz, which is still specified every seven years during the carnival time. After the legend it is to owe its emergence of a plague epidemic disease. Actually it might concern an old handicraft custom similarly Gaut when acquitting the printer-associated. 1702/1715 - Due to a succession war around Spain, where the king house before becoming extinct was located in the man trunk, the Bavarian cure prince placed itself max to Emanuel against Austria and the emperor house entitled to inherit having castle on the side of the French king as likewise entitled to inherit one. This led to the war with Austria. In its process 1704 escape of the cure prince to Brussels (stay until 1715) and occupation Bayerns and Munich by Austria with own administration. 1705 farmer rebellions in far parts of Bayerns against the Austrians and before the gates of Munich bloody battle in the Weihnachtstagen (so-called Sendlinger Mordweihnacht). 1742 - After the death of emperor Karl VI. in Vienna was inflamed a fight for the emperor crown with his daughter Maria Theresia, since the emperor had not left male inheriting. Therefore it came 1741 to the war Bayerns with Austria and in its process to the 1742 took place choice of the Bavarian cure prince to the emperor Karl VIITH Albrecht again to the occupation of Munich by the Austrians, who lasted until 1744. 1753 - Establishment of a Porzellanmanufaktur, since their transfer 1761 after Nymphenburg "Nymphenburger Porzellanmanufaktur" mentioned. 1777 - Death of the cure prince max of IIITH Joseph, without legitimate male inheriting. Thus the old-Bavarian house of the Wittelsbacher and it expires inherits after an old house contract the pfaelzische line with the cure prince Karl Theodor, which moves with its entire yard state from Mannheim to Munich. 1789 - In the Isarauen before the city with the plant of the English of garden, one of the earliest, largest and most important English landscape gardens in Germany and because of its accesibility for the public the first also as it were "democratic" garden of the continent, planned from the outset, is begun. It should serve for people educational to the movement and recovery of the business, as well as informal handling and the approximation of all conditions. 1791 - As well as with the resignation of the Bastei before the Neuhauser or Karl gate sharpening of the stadtmauern begins, from those today only miserable remainders is present a part of the city gates (Isartor completely, Sendlinger gate and Neuhauser or Karl gate partly). Before the Karl gate the Rondell is put on, the place received to 1797 the name Karl place after the cure prince Karl Theodor, today "Stachus" is however generally called, after an owner of hotel "Eustachius Foederl" (Stachius = Stachus), which possessed a hotel "Stachus", "stinging US garden" or "stinging US landlord" at the corner to the Bavarian route. In its place today the "purchase yard" stands.
1802 - The cure prince issues a secret instruction for abolition for the Bavarian monasteries. In Munich by it first seven monasteries are affected. 1806 - In the course of the re-organization of Europe by the French emperor Napoleon the cure principality Bavaria is increased around Franconias and Swabia and the Bavarian cure prince max of IVTH Joseph to the king (max of I.) proclaimed. Bavaria reached thereby the size of the today's national territory, is now kingdom and Munich royal main and residenzstadt. 1810 - The wedding of the Kronprinzen Ludwig, the later king of Ludwig I., with Therese of Saxonia Hildburghausen on 12 October and a horse running on a meadow before the city (later "Theresienwiese"), here organized, cause for an annual repetition of this celebration, 1819 under urban line, becomes in all world for the first time admitted of" Octoberfest ". 1817 - Bavaria closes a concordat with the holy chair in Rome. Among other things it is specified that since 1803 become an orphan the bishop seat of freesing shifted to Munich and the diocese is raised to the ore diocese. The residents of Munich woman church erzbischoefliche cathedral ("cathedral "becomes). In the year after the first archbishop of Munich and freesing appointed and confirmed by the Pope by the king. 1818 - The Kingdom of Bavaria receives the first constitutional condition, which a large German state gave itself. An edict appears simultaneous over the Protestant total municipality, an edict over the Indigenat (nationality right) - it remains until 1871 in strength -, and an edict over the liberty of the press and the book trade. From the latter however all political newspapers and periodic writings of political and statistic contents were excluded. 1825-1848 - Reign of king Ludwig I., one of the largest German art initiators, which one calls also the creator new Munich: To it the Ludwig route, the Odeonsplatz and the king place their emergence, likewise the buildings of residences at the yard garden and at the max Joseph place, owe the old person and the new Pinakothek, several churches, who field-gentleman-resound, the victory gate and fame-resound with the Bavaria over the Theresienwiese. In addition, the building of the first German railway line from Nuernberg to Fuerth 1835 and the building of the Ludwig Danube Main channel 1838-1845 are to be owed to it. 1848 he had to resign because of the affair with an allegedly Spanish dancer. Like already in its Kronprinzenjahren 1825 ago it continued its building activity and its Maezenatentum also after 1848 up to its death 1868. 1826 - The 1472 of duke Ludwig handing Bavaria land hat in Ingolstadt created university, which had been shifted 1800 under cure prince max of IVTH Joseph from there to land hat, pull over to Munich and carry since then after her two founders the name Ludwig Maximilians university. In the same year solemn inauguration of the synagog to the Westenriederstrasse. 1827 - Grundsteinlegung for the first Evangelist church of Munich, the Matthaeuskirche on the sunning route, Vorgaengerin of the today's Matthaeuskirche at the Sendlinger gate place. 1830 - Opening of the Glyptothek at the king place, with figures of the temple tempel-Giebels excavated by king Ludwig Ith acquired collection of antiker sculptures and vases as well as the 1811 in Aegina. 1835 - Establishment of the Bavarian hypotheken and exchange bank, today combines with the Bavarian association bank to the HypoVereinsbank. 1836 - Opening of the old persons Pinakothek for old-German painting with 1300 pictures, which had gathered different branches of the house Wittelsbach in their former residences Duesseldorf, Mannheim and two-bridges and those were united here. 1839 - For the first time a railway drives from Munich. She comes provisionally on the distance to Augsburg to hole living, few kilometers before Munich. 1847 - Establishment of engine works Maffei, later with the company Krauss to Krauss Maffei combines. 1848 - Revolution with resignation from king Ludwig I. and assumption of the government by its son Maximilian IITH Bavaria receives the pressefreiheit and juries as the first German country. The meetings of municipal authorities of the city Munich are from now on public. 1850 - Exposure of the Bavaria over the Theresienwiese. 1853 - Opening of the new Pinakothek for painting 19. Century. After strong war destruction 1944 the building 1975/81 was replaced by a new building 1854 - First general German industrial show. The ascent of Munich to the fair city begins. 1857 - The invention of the white sausage in this year in a restaurant at Marienplatz may be referred into the realm of the fable. 1860 - Establishment of the TSV (turn and sport-Vereins) 1860. Only 1902 receive the association also a football department. 1867-1908 - Building new of the city hall at Marienplatz. Its 85 meter high tower was established 1899 to 1905 and equipped with a bell play, fifth-largest Europe, with 43 bells. It represents scenes from the urban history (above: Tournament with the wedding duke of William Vth with Renata of Lorraine 1568; down: Schaefflertanz). 1868 - Opening of the technical university, today technical university. 1882 - First current transmission of the world from bad brook to Munich by Oskar of Miller on the occasion of the 1. International electricity exhibition. 1887 - Weihe of the main synagog at the duke max road of Albert Schmidt in the neuromanischen style builds. With 1000 man and 800 woman praying chairs was the residents of Munich synagog the third biggest of their time in Germany. 1896 - First soccer association "Terra Pila" (= literally globe or globe = ball, with which one plays on the soil) based. It was predominantly carried by high school students and students, therefore scholarly latin name. 1900 were created already the FC Bavaria Munich and 1902 added themselves the TSV 1860 a football crew. 1899 - The first driving test of the world with expenditure of driving licences takes place in Munich and the examined automobiles receives the first certification numbers of the world. ___________ 1906 - Grundsteinlegung to the German museum for masterpieces of natural science and technology, that world-wide first, largest and most important museum of this kind. 1908 - for the first time the bell play of the city hall tower sounds. 1911 - Opening of the tierparks Hellabrunn, the first zoo arranged on the basis of geographical criteria ("geo zoo") with approximately 5000 animals in nearly 500 kinds. 1918 - The social-democratic politician and writer Kurt Eisner successfully call for the fall of the monarchy and create thereby the condition for the proclamation Bayerns to the republic, for which the name "Free State of Bavaria" intersperses itself later. 1919 - In January in a restaurant in the valley the "German labour party" (DAP) is created, the later "National Socialist German labour party" (NSDAP). In February the nunmehrige Bavarian Prime Minister Kurt Eisner is shot by an assassin. The following political conflicts lead the at the beginning of of May to proclaiming the soviet republic, are bloodily struck down. 1920 - The first mass meetings of the NSDAP take place. Under guidance of Adolf Hitler succeeds the party opposite other voelkisch anti-Semitic groupings and wins in the future constantly growing trailer shank. 1923 - Supported of conservative and right-wing extremist circles the national socialists explain the "national collection" as well as the fall of the Bavarian and the realm government on 8 November. The "march to field-gentleman-resounds" on the following day however by the police is stopped and the putsch ("Hitler hitler-Putsch") bloodily struck down. 1924 - There the city acquires the mansion of the painter Franz of Lenbach (1836-1904) to the Luisenstrasse and opens to 1929 the urban gallery, with emphasis resident of Munich painting of the 19./20. Century ("the blue rider"). 1931 - In the realm brook route 27 a synagog for the eastJewish members Israeli tables of the Kultusgemeinde is inaugurated. In this year the Jewish municipality in Munich covers about 10,000 members. In the Pogromnacht from 9./10. November 1938 it is devastated, but destroyed out of consideration for the neighbouring houses not completely. 1933 - After the "seizure of power" the NSDAP in the realm takes place synchronising residents of Munich the town councillor. The social-democratic and communist councillors are arrested - so far them into the underground not to have saved itself - in the again-created concentration camp Dachau. This KZ becomes the model for the National Socialist KZ system and the synonym for the terror and suppression apparatus of the LV state. Registered between 1933 and 1945 about 200,000 prisoners in Dachau, more than 30,000 humans lose due to violent chicaneries, purposeful murder and life-threatening accommodation their life. 1937 - The "house of the German art" (today "house of the art") for drawing of a bill is opened. It should make Munich the center of a ideologisierten art of the National Socialist world view. "degenerate art" at the same time began the systematic distance of the modern art from German collections in the gallery road of Munich out with the exhibition. Hitler with welcoming the honour formations before the house of the German art1938 In the so-called "building of leaders" to the Arcisstrasse sign the dictators of Germany and Italy and the statesmen of France and England "residents of Munich the agreement" for the separation of the Sudentenlandes of Czechoslovakia. The European great powers try to contain the war politics of Hitler Germany with this concession. In the hall of the old person of city hall the entire LV point almost appears itself for one comrade shank evening on 9 November. An anti-Semitic inflammatory speech of propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels is for the present SA and party leaders the signal for a general hunt for Jews and the beginning of a realm-far Pogroms. During the Pogromnacht on 9./10. November humans are killed, tortured and hurt. Devastation and plundering fall innumerable mechanisms, synagogs and business to the victim. 1940 - First air raids of the Second World War (1939/45) on Munich. Should become to at the end of of April 1945 of their 73. 1941 - In November the first Deportation is carried out by Jews. About 1000 men, women and children are deportiert after Kaunas, Litauen and murdered there immediately after the arrival. Further 42 transportation follow after Piaski, Auschwitz and Theresienstadt. 1942/1943 - With handbill actions students and lecturers in the Ludwig Maximilians university call to the resistance against the national socialism on ("white rose"). In February 1943 Hans and Sophie Scholl are observed, denunziert and arrested with a nocturnal action. Together with Christoph it rehearses four days later to death is condemned and executed. Also its fellow combatants Willi count, Alexander Schmorell and Professor Kurt Huber are seized and executed. 1945 - End of the Second World War with the invasion of the Americans. The historical old part of town is destroyed to 90 %, the entire city on the average to 50 %. about 6000 humans found death, about 15,000 was hurt. By death, evacuation and escape from the city the total population of 824,000 (1939) had sunk on 479,000. 1947 - On 20 May Kultusgemeinde Munich the reopening of the synagog at the realm brook route, which serves since that time as main synagog, celebrates the Israeli tables. 1949 - The Bavarian federal state parliament takes its seat in the "Maximilianeum" over the Isar, which was established starting from 1854 for the royal Pagerie, thus a training centre for noble boys, as well as for today the donation "Maximilianeum" accommodated still here for free living and studying of up to 50 of the best female high school graduates and high school graduate Bayerns. 1954 - Official start of the Bavarian television. Munich is received with Edinburgh in Scotland a first partnership between cities. Further partnerships with Verona, Bordeaux, Sapporo, Cincinnati, Kiew and Harare follow in the next years. 1957 - The population of the city exceeds the million-border. 1972 - Start-up of the u and rapid-transit railway, opening of the pedestrian precinct new house he and chewing fumbling race. The XX. olympic summer games takes place in Munich. With "cheerful plays" self-manifestation of the olympic plays is to be set from 1936 in Berlin and mixing part churches a signal for peace and people communication and new yardsticks also regarding organization and equipment of the match places against the LV. This thought of the "cheerful plays" is suddenly destroyed by an assault of Arab assassins on the Israeli olympia crew. The assassination attempt fall eleven Israeli sportsmen and a German policeman to the victim. Five Palestinians are killed with the shooting with the police. 1974 - Opening play and final of the soccer world championship in Munich. CP
Story -
Getting Ready for the 21st Century 1980 - Bei einem Attentat auf das Oktoberfest kommen 13 Menschen ums Leben, 218 werden verletzt. Der Attentäter, der selbst ums Leben kommt, wird im neonazistischen Umfeld gesucht. 1982 - Troy Cory Show "Oktoberfest" Troy Cory, Tina Kincaid; Lori Engel; Regie: Scott Stubblefield; Josie Cory. Produzent: VRA TelePlay Pictures. 1985 - Das Kulturzentrum mit der Philharmonie und anderen Konzertsälen auf dem Gasteig wird eröffnet. Auch das Richard-Strauss-Konservatorium, die Volkshochschule und die Städtischen Bibliotheken haben dort ihren Sitz. 11980 - Bei einem Attentat auf das Oktoberfest kommen 13 Menschen ums Leben, 218 werden verletzt. Der Attentäter, der selbst ums Leben kommt, wird im neonazistischen Umfeld gesucht. 1992 - Inbetriebnahme des neuen Großflughafens im Erdinger Moos nördlich von München. 1995 - Troy Cory / Ambros Seelos Orchester Schallplattenaufnahme im Sesam Studio. Back-up Singers: The Brooke Sisters. 1977 - Troy Cory Show "Christmas Around the World" (Merry Christmas) Troy Cory, Priscilla Cory; Manuela; Josie Cory; Regie: William Janovsky; Gábor Wagner. Produzent: VRA TelePlay Pictures. 1996 - 1. Bürgerentscheid in München anläßlich der Untertunnelung am Petuelring. 1998 - Die Neue Messe München in Riem wird eröffnet. 1999 - Stadtratsbeschluss zur Realisierung eines Jüdischen Zentrums am Jakobsplatz ByLines:
Editors Note-
The 21st
Century Begins with Webcasting and
WiFi90 2002 - Eröffnung der dritten Pinakothek, der "Pinakothek der Moderne".. 2001/2006 - Troy Cory Show "Made in Bavaria" - NBS 100 Webcast. Troy Cory, Ambros Seelos; Josie Cory. Bavarian Players: Hans Steininger, Renate Schletz; Caroline Walther; Sebastian Wather; Susanne Zetl; Lorenz & Margit Huber; Rosmarie Lenk; Anita and Bernhard Kreitmayr, Lisbeth and Bernadette Kreitmayr, Marlene Huber, Lore Roeder. Produzent: Hans Steininger, VRA TelePlay Pictures.. .-----It just goes to show you, says Troy about the Telecom Advertising industry -- "NOTHING IN THIS WORLD IS PERMANENT" . . . so follow the money - - and take some advice from a dinner-time chat with "Stonehead" -- Disappointments Are Great! Follow the Money . . . the Internet and the Smart- Daaf Boys. - Respectfully
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