1872 -
The earliest patent for telegraphy (Morse Code)
without wires (wireless) -- was granted to Dr. Mahlon
Loomis, 1826 - 86). The
patent was entitled "Improvement in Telegraphy" and
was Dated July 20, 1872 US Pat. No.
129,971).
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Patent Office -- then Click Full Text to refresh page.
He demonstrated
only the potential differences on a galvanometer
between two kites during a lightning storm, 14 miles
apart in Loundonun County, Virginia in October 1866.
Patent expired in July, 1889.
1885 -
The
Stubblefield Coal-Oil-Lamp Lighter, Patent No.
329,864, dated November 3,
1885.
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Patent Office -- then Click Full Text to refresh
page.
This was the
first of four patents filed by the 25 year old, Nathan
B. Stubblefield of Murray, Kentucky.
1888 -
The
Stubblefield Mechanical Telephone Patent No. 378,183,
February 21,
1888. Click
to Go To US Patent Office -- then Click Full Text to
refresh page. Nathan B. Stubblefield and
Samual Holcome patents their mechanical "vibrating"
telephone system. The first permanent mechanical
telephone installation was in Murray, Kentucky to
demonstrate and sell franchised telephone rights or
territorial deeds around the United
States.
1889 - Larynogophone: Nathan B. Stubblefield
- In 1889, Stubblefield developed what was to have
been an improvement on his mechanical telephone, and
he renamed the device the "Larynogophone." It was
basically the original mechanical telephone but with a
hearing tube and a bell added to his copper wired
telephone system that emitted Sideband
Electromagnetic Waves.
1892
- First Wireless Telephone Broadcasting
Demonstrations:
(Voice)
Nathan B. Stubblefield's first public "wireless
telephone" demonstration was given in the town square
of Murray, Kentucky, a radius of about one half mile.
By
connecting his telephone apparatus to his newly
invented electrolytic coil earth battery -- that could
transmit and detect continuous undamped
electromagnetic waves, Stubblefield, using his
grounded bare wired aerial system connected to a
copper antenna placed on top of a pole -- was able to
talk back and forth "without wires" to others with a
like telephone, or broadcast voice and music to those
listening through a mono-earphone piece. Rainey T.
Wells, was one of the first persons to hear
Stubblefield's wireless voice transmissions, in
1892.
1892 - The first
permanent wireless telephone broadcasting installation
was in January,
1892.
The station was constructed in Murray, Kentucky,
by Stubblefield's Teleph-on-del-green Industrial
College, on the campus where Murray State
University is now located.
1893 - Bell Telephone
patent expires.
1894 - The first permanent
wired telephone exchange switchboard installation in
Murray, Kentucky, was on February 12,
1892. The
telephone service was constructed in Murray, Kentucky,
by the Nathan Stubblefield's Telephone
Manufacturing Co., on the town square to work in
conjunction with his wireless telephone operation.
1895 - Wireless Telegraph
Demonstration: (Dit
dahs - no voice)
Guglielmo Marconi - In the spring of 1895, what Nathan
B. Stubblefield did with wireless voice transmission
in 1892, Guglielmo Marconi did with dots and dashes
utilizing damped electromagnetic waves emitted by his
Ruhmkorff coils. (see 1997). He discovered that his
"black box" utilizing the Ruhmkorff coil, could send
controlled measages, by touching two electrically
charged wires together in a dit dah manner - over
distances far greater than those from his villa to the
garden -- distances which would travel more than a
mile. It was Marconi's great basic invention. Like
Stubblefield, he built an aerial -- an antenna which
he connected to one side of the spark gap. (Hertz had
merely used a horizontal rod ending in a plate.) The
aerial was a metal cylinder atop a pole. He connected
the other side of the spark gap to a ground -- at
first, a copper plate lying in the ground. The
receiver also got an aerial and ground.
1897 0713 - Transmitting
Electrical Signals by Ruhmkorff Coil Patent -
(Dit Dahs, No
Voice) -
Guglielmo Marconi, Electromagnetic Spark
Transmitting
apparatus,
was granted on
July
13, 1897, United States Patent No.
586,193.
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Patent Office --
then Click
Full Text to refresh page.
The
apparatus could transmit
damped electromagnetic waves, utilized a Ruhmkorff
coil. (see - 1895). The first permanent
wireless telegraph installation was constructed at the
Needles on the Isle of Wight, Great Britain, by
Marconi's wireless Telegraph Co. Ltd, in November
1897.
1898
0508 - Wireless Telephone Transmission Coil Patent -
United
States Patent No. 600,457, Granted May 8,
1898.
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to Go To US Patent Office -- then Click Full Text to
refresh
page.
PATENT WAS ISSUED TO STUBBLEFIELD FOR the
ELECTROLYTIC COIL. The Patent was referred to as the:
Electrolitic Water Battery, the Electrolitic
Oscilating Coil, the Induction Coil, Earth Battery,
Undamped Transmitting Coils, The Stubblefield's
Electrolytic Detector.
Stubblefield's
grounded bare wired Antenna System was part of his
system to transmit continuous voice or telegraph
signals without wires through a single aerial tower.
The first permanent wireless telephone broadcasting
installation in the world, (the precursor to AM Radio)
-- was errected by Stubblefield's Teleph-on-del-green
Industrial College, in January,1892. The location is
now part of Murray State University, Murray, Kentucky,
U.S.A. The transmitter and receivers were usually
placed 200 feet apart for demonstrations. The
electromagnetic coils were also the precursor for
today's "Firewire" and battery operated implants in
todays world of broadband streaming video and
electro/heartstimulus technology.
1899 1110 - AMERICAN
WIRELESS TELEPHONE & TELEGRAPH CO. - The First
Wireless Telephone Company Established In America. The
American Wireless Telephone & Telegraph Co., 1899,
was incorporated under the laws of the territory of
Arizona on November 10, 1899, with a capitalization of
five million dollars. Dr. Gustav P. - Gehring Group Of
Companies, was the founder.
1899 - 1230- The
American Telephone And Telegraph Company - AT&T -
Replaces The American Bell Telephone
Company.
1900 - PATENT EXPIRES:
Thomas A. Edison's 1883 Edison Effect Patent
.
1900 - PATENT:
Guglicimo Marconi Was Issued His Famous Patent 7777 -
(Patent Expires In 1917) - England. (Note:
Stubblefield's 1898 held patented rights For
Electrolytic Ground Connections To Antenna.)
1901 08- Wireless
Telegraph Co Of America - August 8, 1901, New Jersey,
Incorporated, $3.000. (A Gehring Company).
1901 12 - First
Transatlantic telegraph signal (Dit Dahs) -
Guglicimo Marconi, George Stephen Kemp and Percy
Paget. - It was near noon on December 12, 1901, when
Marconi himself heard the letter "S" being transmitted
from a 10kw station at Poldhu, Cornwall, Great Britain
to Signal Hill, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.
Note: Only Marconi heard
the "S".
1902
01 - On January 1, 1902, -- 21 days after the Marconi
"S" was transmittion,
the second
of the two highly publicized -- public wireless
telephone demonstrations held by Stubblefield,
(see -
1892).
The St. Louis
Post Dispatch on Sunday, January 12, 1902 headlined
the Stubblefild event as: "Kentucky farmer Invents
Wireless
Telephone". The
broadcast took place in the town square of Murray,
Kentucky, utilizing Stubblefield's electrolytic
grounded and groundless antenna system. A radius of
about a mile and one half was reached. The wireless
telephone transmiters and receivers were placed 200
feet apart.
1902 03 -
Stubblefield's - Worlds First Ship To Shore Radio
Wireless Telephone Broadcast - Washington
Demonstration. On March 20, 1902, Stubblefield set up
a demonstration on the Potomac River in Washington,
utilizing his "groundless antenna" connected to the
mast of the ship.
1902 - Stubblefield's
Wireless Telephone Company Of America -
Incorporation Papers - Filed In Prescott, Arizona, on
May 22, 1902. Gehring, Stubblefield And Fennell,
incorporated their new company in the State of
Arizona, 75% of the Collins' Wireless Telephone
Company was given to Stubblefield, for the patent
rights in Canada.
1902 05 - Stubblefield's -
Philadelphia Wireless Radio Telephone Demonstration -
On May 30, 1902, just a little over two months after
this Washington Demonstration, Stubblefield gave
demonstrations of his wireless telephone in
Philadelphia at the Belmont Mansion.
1902 06 -
Stubblefield's Philadelphia Wireless Telephone
Demonstration - On June 7, 1902, Stubblefield again
demonstrated his apparatus in Philadelphia. This test
took place on the banks of the Schuylkill River, from
the Belmont Pumping Station To The Pennsylvania
Railroad Bridge, a distance of about one and one half
miles. -- Miller.
1902 0611 -
Stubblefield's New York Demonstration - and
Wireless Telephone Company Of America - demonstration
of its apparatus In Battery Park, New York City.
1902 0702 - Ship To Ship
Demonstration - Frederick Collins - on July 2, 1902,
for Erie Railroad. Used the same Stubblefield Wireless
Radio Telephone, Stubblefield used in the March 20th
Potomac demonstration, utilizing Collins' marine
updates.
1903 - Wright Brothers
Orville and Wilbur, fly the first motor
power-controlled, heavier-than-air plane at Kitty
Hawk, N.C.; Maj. Squire, first passenger; Henry Ford
Organizes Ford Motor Company.
1903 0501- COLLINS
MARINE WIRELESS TELEPHONE CO., THE - Formed in May
1903.
1903 12 11 - PATENT
EXPIRES: Wireless Telegraph - Induction; Emerson Amos
Dolbear's 1986 Wireless Telegraph- Induction Patent
expires.
1904 0201 -
Stubblefield 's Groundless All-in-One Radio System
completed February, 1904.
1905 02 -AUDION PATENT
Number One, #979,275, was Applied For On February 2,
1905 - By DeForest.
1905 - PATENT LAWS -
Revised (1905, STATUTE: SEC. 4886).
1906 12 - Ship To
Shore Christmas Eve Broadcast With GE Alternator
(Christmas Eve) Reginald Fessenden and Ernst
Alexanderson. Occured the same year Tesla's
Westinghouse patent for his 60-cycle electrical
generator expired.
1907 0228 - THE FIRT
RADIO STOCK CORPORATION. DeForest RADIO TELEPHONE
COMPANY - On February 28, 1907 - the first Wireless
Telephone company USING the new WORD
"RADIO".
1907
0405 - Stubblefield In Washington. Nathan B.
Stubblefield's Wireless Telephone Patent Application
Filed Apr. 5, 1907, Serial No. 366,544 -Room
109.
The first
permanent wireless telephone broadcasting installation
was in January, 1892. The station was
constructed in Murray, Kentucky, by Stubblefield's
Teleph-on-del-green Industrial College, on the
campus where Murray State University is now
located,
1907 0601 - June
1, 1907 - STUBBLEFIELD PROSPECTUS - VALUABLE
APPLICATIONS OF THIS INVENTION. As Cited In Our United
States Patent Application.
1907 0607 - Private
Prospectus - June 7, 1907 - U.S. Army Signal Corps -
Major Squier, Washington, D.C. -
1907 1017 -
Stubblefield Wireless Telephone Patent Application
Approved By Commissioner Allen - Nathan B.
Stubblefield - (Patent Expires October 17,
1924).
1908 12 -
Antenna PATENT EXPIRES: Thomas A. Edison's Antenna -
1891 Wireless Telegraphy Patent
Expires.
1908 0512 -
PATENT:
Stubblefield
Received His All Purpose - Wireless Telephone Patent,
Number
887,357
Click
to Go To US Patent Office -- then Click Full Text to
refresh page.
-
(Patent Expires May 12, 1925)
1908 0218 - PATENT:
Audion Patent Number Three, #879, 532 Covering The
Device As A Detector - Was Issued On February 18,
1908, TO DeForest.
1909 - CONTINENTAL
WIRELESS TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH COMPANY, 1909:
Included six companies. (Wireless Telegraphy or
Wireless Telephony): Incorporated December 1909 In
Arizona For $5 million.
1909 0417 - STUBBLEFIELD'S
CANADIAN PATENT Issued #114,737 - GRANTED TO
STUBBLEFIELD - (Patent Expires in 1926).
1909 0615 - Stubblefield
Assigns Canadian Patent To A. Frederick Collins,
June 15, 1909. Collins assigns 75% of his old Collins
Wireless Telephone Company Formed in 1903.
1909 1114 - A.
Frederick Collins - Electrical Show In Madison Square
Garden, New York, Oct. 14, 1909 for the purpose of
selling stock in the Collins Wireless Telephone
Co.
1911 - COLLINS INDICTED -
December 1911. Four officers of the Continental
Co. excepting Walter Massie were indicted for using
the mails to defraud in selling worthless
stock.
1911 - CONN LINN - RESIGNS
FROM THE KENTUCKY SENATE, and leaves Murray
Kentucky, for Oklahoma. DeForest's RADIO TELEPHONE
COMPANY - BANKRUPT IN 1911, when it expired owing to
DeForest's inability to raise further funds.
1911 - DeForest's RADIO
TELEPHONE COMPANY - BANKRUPT IN 1911, when it
expired owing to DeForest's inability to raise further
funds.
1911 - 0101 -GEORGE O.
SQUIER - PATENTS - (Patents Expire 1928) - All of
his discoveries and inventions -- some shared with
Stubblefield, worth millions -- were patented in the
name of the people of the United States on January 1,
1911.
1911 05 -United Wireless
Trial - May 17, 1911 - Bogart pleads
guilty.
1911 0723 -United Wireless
-Bankrupt. On July 23, 1911, United Wireless was
adjudicated bankrupt in the Courts of Maine, and on
September 15, 1911, Trustees in Bankruptcy were
appointed.
1912 03 - A Warrant Was
Served DeForest For His Arrest In March, 1912 - on
a federal indictment charging him with use of the
mails to defraud in connection with sales of stock in
the most recent four of his radio telephone companies.
1912 0325 - United
Wireless Co. - In March, 1912, United Wireless Pleaded
No contest - and was taken over by the British
Marconi Co. for the payment of $700,000. The company
was immediately sold to American Marconi.
1912 0325 - MARCONI
WIRELESS TELEGRAPH CO. VS. UNITED WIRELESS TELEGRAPH
CO. - Creates a Merger
1912
1210 - PATENT:
Stubblefield Flying Machines U.S. Patent, #1046895,
December 10,
1912;
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Go To US Patent Office -- then Click Full Text to
refresh page.
Letters
Patent granted Stubblefield for 17 years from December
10, 1912 (expired Dec. 10, 1929).
1913 - Collins And Four
Officers - Convicted On All Five Counts For Stock
Fraud. Three were fined and sentenced on January 10,
1913, to prison terms of up to four years. (Please see
1911, Continental.)
1913 - COLLINS WIRELESS
TELEPHONE COMPANY - Dissolves.
1913 - PATENT EXPIRES:
Nikola Tesla's 1896 Synchronous And
Non-synchronous Rotary Gaps Patent Expires.
1913 07 - DeForest Sells
Audion Patent Rights To AT&T - For $50,000.
1913 1230 - DeForest -
Fraud Trial Of DeForest Ends - Darby and DeForest:
nolle prosequi, meaning that the charges had been
dropped.
1914 - PATENT EXPIRES:
Marconi's 1897 Wireless Telegraphy Patent First
Patent Expires.
1915 - AT&T - SQUIRE -
Single Sideband - The original development of
single sideband came about because of certain
limitations in radio telephone circuits. Experiments
were first conducted by Nathan B. Stubblefield and
Major Squire in 1908, and then Squire and John R.
Carson of the Bell Research and Development Labs, and
the American Telephone & Telegraph Company in
1915.
1915 0508 - PATENT
EXPIRES: Patent For Stubblefield's Electrolyte Battery
And Radio Voice Detector And Transmitter, (Wireless
Telephone) Expires.
1916 - PATENT
EXPIRES: Thomas Edison's 1891 Patent For Antenna
Wireless Telegraphy - Expires.
1917 - PATENT EXPIRES:
Marconi's Famous 1900 Patent 7777 Expires, Ends
The Prevention Of:
•1. Use Of Aerial And Ground.
• 2. Inductive Coupling To The Aerial And Ground
Circuits.
• 3. Use of Tuning Coils to Obtain the Desired
Wavelength.
• 4. Employed the Electrical Energy Of The Earth
As A Battery.
1917 0406 - U.S. Declared
War On Germany On April 6, 1917 - Tuckerton
Station staff members were arrested and sent to a
prisoner of war camp in Virginia. All Commercial And
Amateur Wireless Stations Were Closed - or came under
Navy control on April 7, 1917, when war was
declared.
1918 - In 1918, Two Bills
Were Introduced In Congress - Nominates General
Electric to Develop RCA. Bill was designed to bring
wireless under control and to retain American control
over Alexanderson's alternator.
1919 11 - American Marconi
Memo: To RCA. American Marconi transferred to RCA
ownership of its three high power land stations and
installations on approximately 350 ships. Signed, John
W. Griggs, American Marconi.
1919 10 - RCA Was Formed
In October 1919 And In November - the entire G.E.
holdings of American Marconi stock were taken over by
RCA.
1919 1210 - Patent
Expires: Stubblefield's Flying Machines 1912 U.S.
Patent, #1046895, Letters Patent granted for 7 years
from December 10, 1912 (expires Dec 10,
1919).
1920 - AT&T - SQUIRE's
Single Sideband - In the 1920s, AT&T used
single sideband in regular transatlantic telephone
communications. The problem was that it took a whole
roomful of equipment to generate and filter a single
sideband signal.
1920 - General Electric -
Entered Broadcasting By Signing On WGY in
Schenectady, New York. But of all the stations on the
air in the early 1920s, the one to stir the attention
of the public and the industry alike was AT&T's
WEAF in New York.
1920 - KDKA, Westinghouse
- Westinghouse owned station KDKA in Pittsburgh,
which began operating in the 1920s.
1920 - Patent Expires:
Fessenden/Poulsen's 1903 Patent For Broadcast
Transmitter Expires. - High Frequency (sound)
broadcast transmitter.
1920 - Radio Broadcasting
begins - In 1920, Broadcasting began when General
Electric signed on WGY in Schenectady, New York. But
of all the stations on the air in the early 1920s, the
one to stir the attention of the public and the
industry alike was AT&T's WEAF in New York.
Westinghouse owned station KDKA in Pittsburgh.
1922 - AT&T -
Interconnection of Stations - The first use of
wire telephone lines in 1922 for interconnecting a
station in New York city and a station in Chicago,
Illinois, to broadcast simultaneously a description of
a football game introduced a new idea into radio
broadcasting.
1922 - GOVERNMENT
REGULATION - The administration of the
broadcasting industry regulations was entrusted to the
U.S. department of commerce. Under the 1912 irrelevant
set of laws, a rapidly increasing number of
broadcasting stations (from about 50 in 1922 to more
than 500 in 1923) were crowded into narrow wave bands,
and interference from overlapping stations became
intolerable.
1925 - DeForest's 1908
Audion Patent Number Three, #879, 532 Covering The
Device As A Detector, Expires.
1925 0512 - Patent
Expires: Stubblefield's 1908 Radio Patent Expires, May
12, 1925.
1926 - NBC - Organized By
The General Electric Company, The Westinghouse
Electric And Manufacturing Company And The Radio
Corporation Of America, By Purchasing WEAF in 1926,
undertook the management of WJZ and WRC both of which
were owned by the Radio Corporation of America.
1926 - Radio Bill - On
February 23, President Coolidge signs the
Dill&endash;White Radio Bill creating the Federal
Radio Commission and ending chaos caused by wild
growth of broadcasting.
1926 1020 - Patent
Expires: Stubblefield's Canadian 1908 Patent #114,737
- Expires October 20, 1926 - Same as
Stubblefield's patent for the Wireless Telephone in
the U.S.A.
1927 - BBC - The British
Broadcasting corporation, (BBC) a publicly
financed corporation ultimately responsible to
parliament but in practice enjoying a considerable
degree of independence, was given, by its original
charter in 1927, a monopoly covering all phases of
broadcasting in Britain.
1927 - Philo Farnsworth TV
Camera in 1929 - The picture was neon pink and the
horizontal lines making up the image on the screen
were almost a quarter-inch wide. A woman's face was
just barely recognizable as such
1927 - RADIO ACT OF 1927 -
The situation became chaotic with many stations
choosing their own frequencies, and operating almost
independently of any government regulation, until
congress enacted the Radio act of 1927.
1927 0201 - CBS FOUNDED,
January 27, 1927.
Will the history of Radio
stock failures Repeat itself in the world of Computer
Broadcasting?
1927 0918 - COLUMBIA
BROADCASTING SYSTEM GOES ON THE AIR - on September 18,
1927, with a basic network of 16 stations. Major
J. Andrew White is president. The Columbia
Broadcasting system originated in 1927 as an outgrowth
of the United Independent Broadcasters and the
Columbia Phonograph Broadcasting system.
1927 - New York and London
- linked by radiotelephone. In 1927 New York and
London were linked by radiotelephone. Three decades
later, more than 120 countries and territories could
be reached from the United States by radio and
underocean telephone cable.
1927 [0527]-
WIRELESS TELEPHONE COMPANY OF AMERICA - Dissolves -
the Arizona
Corporation, died a quiet death on May 22, 1927, the
twenty-five year statute of limitations having come
into effect.
1928 - FIRST AUTOMOBILE
RADIO - Radios were installed in automobiles for the
first time in 1928, three years after Stubblefield's
1908, radio patent expired, and the same year of
Stubblefield's death.
But this unfortunate
genius clearly anticipated such a modern luxury as
early as 1908. In the
original Canadian patent is a drawing made by
Stubblefield of a "horseless carriage" with a
broadcasting set, which he later called
"raidio."[sic[COLLINS] - The same idea was
to be used in trains and steam ships, the patent
declares.
TWO-WAY MOBILE RADIO -
The Detroit Michigan police department, became the
first to despatch police squad cars, by radio. These
two-way radios operated in the 30 to 40 mc brands.
Over 400 cities followed the trends by the year 1935.
GEORGE O. SQUIER, PATENTS
- (Patent Expire 1928) - All of his discoveries
and inventions -- some shared with Stubblefield,
worth millions -- were
patented in the name of the people of the Untied
States on January 1, 1911.
1928
0328- DEATH OF NATHAN B. STUBBLEFIELD - Nathan B.
Stubblefield, "The Inventor Of Radio" (Wireless
Telephony) died in Murray, Kentucky on March 28, 1928.
He is buried in the Bowman family cemetery, located in
back of the Walston property, known as, 1619 N. 4th
Street, Murray, KY.
1929 - FM broadcast
transmission path - 1929 - Armstrong, was granted
a FM broadcast transmission path.
1930 - Collins Radio,
Cedar Rapids - Single Sideband - Even back in the
1930s, Collins engineers recognized three requirements
necessary to make single sideband practical for
general communications use: (1) better frequency
stability, (2) smaller and lower cost single sideband
filters, and (3) better linear amplifiers.
1930 0826 - FARNSWORTH
TELEVISION PATENT issued August 26, 1930. (Patent
Expires August 26, 1947) - Farnsworth received his
patent in 1930, when he was twenty-four years old.
1931 - The Famed Aviation
COLLINS RADIO was formed -
M. H. Collins, the
brother of F. Collins, sold his Cedar Rapids, Collins
Farms Company to an east coast insurance company --
using the money to invest in his 23-year old sons
wireless transmission business. Arthur Collins, picked
up where his his uncle Frederick left off in his
business dealings with N.B. Stubblefield. The new
Collins Family Group, set up a shop at 1620 6th Avenue
S.E., the family home of the Collins; and they all
began producing transmitters and reciever kits to
order -- for the home consumer and aviation
entrepreneurs. They later sold out
COLLINS
RADIO and their
sideband business -- to a never disclosed party
during world war II, (Northrup?) in
California.
MAXWELL'S ETHER THEORY
DIES - November, 13, 1931. The one-hundredth
anniversary of Clerk Maxwell's birth was marked by the
scientific world "digging a grave for the theory of a
luminiferous ether," but at the same time honoring
Maxwell's mathematical genius.
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