Photo
Image665; Drawing depicts the equational and
acronym concepts before the development of product
and content. How does the magician explain his
tricks? - By demonstration! 1.
Feature Story / Do you
recognize the voice?
45th Week 2005 / Discover This! How
can you invent something that's been around and
about for a hundred years? How can you invent
something that has been Patented and Trademarked?
How can you invent something that has already been
discovered? Easy, if you follow the latest
reports. Einstein
/ IN MANY WAYS,
Einstein's theory,
easier to understand than string theorists
explaining the extension of the universe, is just
one more step in a historical chain of cosmic
expansions. But neither has
CONTENT.
Did
you hear Einstein's Voice explaining his theory on
Energy? The explanation
of his 1905 theory was broadcast over the NBS100
radio frequencies in the
1920s.
In the
17th century, the Newtonian revolution expanded our
vision by positing that the point-like stars were
other material suns with their own planetary
systems.
A century later, Immanuel Kant suggested
that the hazy astronomical blobs known as "nebulae"
were each separate galaxies, a notion of immensity
so staggering it beggared belief at the time. From
one material planet to many; from one star to many;
from one galaxy to many; and now, according to
string theory, our vision must expand from one
space-time to many.
It's about 10 or 11 dimensions on top of the
fifth dimension we've already heard about. What's
inside the delightful book titled, "Warped
Passages", authored by Harvard physicist Lisa
Randall describes the idea that the universe we see
around us is -- but one tiny part of a vast reality
that may include an infinite number of other
universes.
According to general relativity, says
Harvard physicist Lisa Randall, - explains that the
universe we live in has four dimensions: three of
space and one of time. Randall's work extends this
framework and posits the existence of a fifth
dimension. The fifth dimension is the bulk, and
within its immeasurably expanded space, there is no
reason to assume that ours is the only
cosmos.
Evidence for this new dimension is
nonexistent. The reason it is being imagined is to
resolve a puzzle about gravity: Why is it that when
you put a magnet on your fridge door, the magnet
sticks to the fridge rather than falling to the
floor? How is it that the tiny magnet exerts a
bigger force than our whole
planet?
The difference here is that the prior
extensions were prompted by observations of distant
phenomenon. The extra dimensions of string theory
and the other universes they might entail have
never been observed and, in principle, they may not
be observable, at least not directly. At present
they are pure fictions.
String theory is so fecund in its
descriptive power that one physicist has estimated
there may be as many as 10 to the power of 100
different versions of its equations! Each one
articulates a different set of possible universes
and, at present, there is no way of determining if
our universe matches any of
them.
Once upon a time, the sine qua non of
scientific practice was supposed to be empirical
verification. Experimental evidence was the core
principle of Francis Bacon's much-vaunted
"scientific method." In truth, the picture has
always been more complex. Science is also an engine
of the imagination, leading our minds beyond the
mundane realm of what is to the enchanted regions
of what might be.
Nowhere is the speculative dimension of
science more prominent than theoretical or
(concept)
physics, which has given us such magical
possibilities as time machines made from spinning
black holes, wormholes that become portals to the
far ends of the universe and the "parallel worlds"
of quantum mechanics, which, in theory, make every
possible version of history a realized physical
fact.
The stories that theoretical physicists tell
us -- are most often than not, are written in the
language of mathematics,
like Eistiens
E=mc2, but for all its formal rigor, the
science has become in effect a form of speculative
literature. Unchained by the fetters of
verification, string theorist,
or galaxy dream theorists as
they would like to call themselves, are free
to dream, articulating through their equations vast
imagined domains in which almost anything that is
mathematically possible is deemed to be happening
"somewhere," -- like the broadcasting of radio
signals vs. wireless telephne
frequencies.
As
Randall writes in her opening pages: "Physics is
far more creative and fun than people generally
recognize."
Randall is an expert on both cosmology and
that arcane branch of particle physics known as
string theory. By marrying the two fields, she and
her colleagues have formulated a picture in which
our universe may be seen as a soap-film-like
membrane (a "braneworld") sitting inside a much
larger space: the bulk.
Part
02
-- E=mc2
/
"It
followed from the special theory of relativity that
mass and energy are both but different
manifestations of the same thing -- a somewhat
unfamiliar conception for the average mind.
Furthermore, the equation E is equal to m
c-squared, in which energy is put equal to mass,
multiplied by the square of the velocity of light,
showed that very small amounts of mass may be
converted into a very large amount of energy and
vice versa.
The mass
and energy were in fact equivalent, according to
the formula mentioned above. This was demonstrated
by Cockcroft and Walton in 1932,
experimentally."
In March, and in May, 1905, Einstein sent
to the Annalen der Physik, the leading German
physics journal, a paper with a new understanding
of the structure of light. He argued that light can
act as though it consists of discrete, independent
particles of energy, in some ways like the
particles of a gas.
A
few years before, Max Planck's work had contained
the first suggestion of a discreteness in energy,
but Einstein went far beyond this. His
revolutionary proposal seemed to contradict the
universally accepted theory that light consists of
smoothly oscillating electromagnetic waves. But
Einstein showed that light quanta, as he called the
particles of energy, could help to explain
phenomena being studied by experimental physicists.
For example, he made clear how light ejects
electrons from metals.
May, 1905, he Annalen der Physik received
another paper from Einstein. The well-known kinetic
energy theory explained heat as an effect of the
ceaseless agitated motion of atoms; Einstein
proposed a way to put the theory to a new and
crucial experimental test.
If tiny but visible particles were suspended
in a liquid, he said, the irregular bombardment by
the liquid's invisible atoms should cause the
suspended particles to carry out a random jittering
dance. Just such a random dance of microscopic
particles had long since been observed by
biologists (It was called "Brownian motion," an
unsolved mystery). Now Einstein had explained the
motion in detail. He had reinforced the kinetic
theory, and he had created a powerful new tool for
studying the movement of atoms.
June 1905 Einstein sent the Annalen der
Physik a paper on electromagnetism and motion.
Since the time of Galileo and Newton, physicists
had known that laboratory measurements of
mechanical processes could never show any
difference between an apparatus at rest and an
apparatus moving at constant speed in a straight
line.
Objects behave the same way on a uniformly
moving ship as on a ship at the dock; this is
called the Principle of Relativity. But according
to the electromagnetic theory, developed by Maxwell
and refined by Lorentz, light should not obey this
principle. Their electromagnetic theory predicted
that measurements on the velocity of light would
show the effects of motion. Yet no such effect had
been detected in any of the ingenious and delicate
experiments that physicists had devised: the
velocity of light did not
vary.
Einstein had long been convinced that the
Principle of Relativity must apply to all
phenomena, mechanical or not. Now he found a way to
show that this principle was compatible with
electromagnetic theory after all.
As Einstein later remarked, reconciling
these seemingly incompatible ideas required "only"
a new and more careful consideration of the concept
of time. His new theory, later called the special
theory of relativity, was based on a novel analysis
of space and time -- an analysis so clear and
revealing that it can be understood by beginning
science students.
September, 1905 - Einstein reported a
remarkable consequence of his special theory of
relativity: if a body emits a certain amount of
energy, then the mass of that body must decrease by
a proportionate amount. Meanwhile he wrote a
friend, "The relativity principle in connection
with the Maxwell equations demands that the mass is
a direct measure for the energy contained in
bodies; light transfers
mass..
This
thought is amusing and infectious, but I cannot
possibly know whether the good Lord does not laugh
at it and has led me up the garden path." Einstein
and many others were soon convinced of its truth.
The relationship is expressed as an equation:
E=mc?.
This achievement translates into higher
advertising rates and all the
rest
The
creative and the financial are also intrinsically
related when it comes to production budgets.
Throwing money at projects is not a substitute for
creativity. Discipline and innovation are often the
complementary sides of the same
coin.
Inventive
genius can drive phenomenal returns on investment.
Look what Chaplin did with a cane and tramp suit,
or what Jim Henson did with felt and a ping pong
ball. Their materials may have been commonplace,
but their visions were uncommon. And, in financial
terms, the return on investment on uncommon vision
is virtually infinite.
Content
from this community My thesis to you is that as
long as we allow our incredible tradition of
creativity to persist, then the doomsdayers will
continue to be proved wrong, as content from this
community will be viewed on whatever entertainment
hardware is available &endash; whether a digitally
projected film on a 5-story Imax screen at
CityWalk, or a scratched 16 millimeter print on a
bed sheet in Somalia. Unfortunately, this is easier
said than done. As they say, the entertainment
industry isn't brain
surgery.
It's
harder. Brain surgery requires an understanding of
the intricate physical workings of our brain.
Successful entertainment requires an understanding
of the emotional jumble of the mind. It is hard to
track the electrical connections of a neural
synapse. It is even harder to track the emotional
connections that result in a laugh or a
cry.
03.
The Theory of Creating Magical Formulas, concepts,
after
the original invention.
The
more you learn about people, the more reasons you
may find not wanting to buy their product, if they
even have one with
content. MORE
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